In 1862, French neurologist Guillaume Duchenne carried out an experiment. He stimulated people’s facial muscles with small amounts of electricity to test which facial muscles we use for certain facial expressions. Thanks to the experiment, he was able to map out which muscles we use for smiling, frowning, crying, and fixing our resting jerk face.
However, his experiment wasn’t without controversies. For the most part, it was about who he used as subjects for his experiment. But it’s also about how the photos looked: while some of them seem funny at first glance, there’s something unsettling the longer you look at them.
Duchenne’s photographs are currently displayed at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, but what do you think, Pandas: are these scientific, artistic, or straight-up creepy?
#1 Surprise
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#2 Pleasure
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#3 Astonishment
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#4 Terror
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#5 Fear
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#6 Pain
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#7 Natural Laughter
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#8 Sympathy
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#9 Dissatisfied
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#10 Unhappy
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#11 Affected Weeping
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#12 Grimace
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#13 Fear
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#14 Amazement
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#15 Fright
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#16 Inexpressive
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#17 Cruelty
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#18 Flirtatious
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#19 Very Unhappy
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#20 Joy
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#21 Severity And Attention
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#22 Ferocious Cruelty
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#23 Agression
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#24 Crying
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#25 Attention
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#26 Discontent
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#27 Tearful
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#28 Disgust
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#29 Profound Attention
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#30 Whimpering
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#31 Moody
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#32 Extreme Pain
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#33 False Laughter
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#34 Meditation
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#35 Moderate Cruelty
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#36 Natural Facial Expresssion
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#37 Memory Of Pain
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#38 Cheerful
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#39 Suffering
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#40 Stern
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#41 The Normal Facial Expression On The Human Face Being Induced By Electrical Currents
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#42 Pain
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#43 Scorn
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#44 Repose
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
#45 Attentive
Image credits: Wellcome Collection
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